Showing posts with label ethical considerations. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ethical considerations. Show all posts

Sunday, 2 May 2010

Ethics Statement

To complete this module and start my project I have to demonstrate that I understand what ethics are to be considered, and that I understand the procedures and information required to go about asking for permission to collect any data.

I have learnt about lots of different ways to collect data and have understood that data collected by conducting interviews, holding a focus group, performing an experiment/case study and any observations need to have consent from the person it involves. From an ethical point of view the person wishing to collect the data will be required have consent via a contract that is signed by the person giving/releasing the data and the person collecting the data. Anyone who is under the age of 16 would need to have consent in writing by a parent/guardian. Consent needs to be authorised before any action takes place as this will not only be respectful to the person giving the data but also will protect the person collecting the data in case any problems arise during the process.

I wish to conduct a focus group, the focus group will have a minimum of ten people, me and someone taking notes. It would take place at my house as I have access to a pole where my demonstration will take place. To make sure that I don’t miss any of the conversations and topics been discussed I wish to record my focus group and video my demonstration to see any body language or facial expressions as this will prompt further questions towards the focus group in the next session. To do this I will need permission. To get this permission I will provide all of the focus group with a contract. The contract will include everything that is going to take place in the period of time that was agreed. It will state that the data is been collected for my university degree and a general interest/passion, that it will all take place at my home address. It will clearly state when it will take place with the agreed dates and times, importantly the contract will explain how the data will be collected which will be the asking of questions for perceptions in full detail. Finally it will state everyone that is involved and this will be all the people including themselves, me any anyone who is videoing or writing notes for me. These things are essential and the more information about the process, the clearer it is for the person reading and signing it. My contract will lastly include how the data will be recorded and how it will be stored and deleted. It will also include that at any point of the procedure even if the contract is signed that they may withdraw any information covered in the focus group.

It is important that these regulations are put in place, if they are not followed then my project could face illegal problems and could cause huge confliction between me and the people involved, this could then limit the depth and facts of my project. I am fully aware of the regulations and processes I need in order for me to collect data for my project and have put great time and thought to consider all of the ethics that are involved in completing my project properly and professionally. I have researched numerous websites to find examples of contracts that would be required for my focus group and will use one of them as a guide.

As you could be videoing, observing a person or any of the above methodologies the contract must include everything that is going to take place. It should state why data is been collected, where it will all take place, when it takes place with the agreed dates and times, how the data will be collected in full detail and who is involved and this should be all the people including themselves, yourself any anyone who is videoing or writing notes. These things are essential and the more information about the process, the clearer it is for the person reading and signing it.

From what I have researched all contracts should include how the data will be recorded and how it will be stored and deleted. It should also include that at any point of the procedure even if the contract is signed that they may withdraw any information or future interviews, videos ect from taking place.

If these regulations are not followed then any project could be illegal and could cause huge confliction between yourself and the person involved, this can then limit the depth and facts that any project requires.

I am fully aware of the regulations and processes I need in order for me to collect data for my project and have put great time and thought to consider all of the ethics that are involved in completing my project properly and professionally.



Monday, 5 April 2010

Ethics explained

Since I was unable to attend the last campus session on Ethics I have decided to do some research to complete my research methods. After further reading I understand that there are many ethical issues, below are two of them with an example taken from the slideshow on Rosemary’s blog,

“You must always drive on the left hand side of the road in England”

This is legislation- a rule which is cohered to in order to prevent accidents.
This is called PRAGMATIC ETHICS

"A pragmatic ethic employs criteria without being criterial. It is objective without being absolutist. It acknowledges that ethical judgments are relative, without being relativistic. And it tolerates – indeed, welcomes – some moral differences, without being irresolute." (Hugh LaFollette, date unknown: “Pragmatic Ethics")

“Adults must not have sexual relations with minors”
This is called MORAL ETHICS

"Moral ethics can be defined as those principles on which our moral decisions are based. Ethics are the sense of right and wrong, good and evil, values and responsibility.
Moral ethics are formed from the obligations and duties of a person in the society. Nobody can force a person to adhere to moral ethics. For e.g. if a person sees an accident victim lying on the road it is his moral ethic to help out the victim but if he chooses to not do so then no social institution can punish him for this unwillingness. Thus these ethics are relative and subjective." (Priya, 2007-2010: What is Moral Ethics?)

I found it hard to find anything but these quotes after searching http://www.google.com/ and http://www.ask.com/

Ethical considerations:

* Be ethical in the questions you set. Don’t show bias.
* Be aware of deliberate fraud to produce desired results. DO NOT LIE.
* You must state how you define confidentiality and anonymity to avoid misconceptions.
* Carefully consider what you are promising to participants-particularly when considering the previous point.
* Consider any risks to humans when conducting an experiment-if in doubt would you be prepared to do it yourself? This may have to be an option.
* Be aware of potentially sensitive subject matter- e.g. eating disorders and private experiences.

Important factors

It is important to obtain consent from participants in your research. This is usually a signed consent form that provides sufficient background information of your proposal. Minors (under the age of 16 years old) need careful consideration and attention.
As your participants are voluntarily partaking in your research, it is important to advise that they have the right to withdraw any comments at any time even after data has been gathered.

As a researcher, you must also very carefully consider confidentiality and respect of participants’ privacy.

* How will I avoid identifying individuals, for example, in a small organisation-be aware of using easily identifiable titles such as the teacher/organiser/dancer.
* How will I store any data I gather? In a locked drawer? On a computer with a password?
* What will I do with the data after I have finished with it? Do what you promised the participants you would do with it. E.g. shred it/delete it/wipe it off the Dictaphone (and delete any transcripts).
I have used many people’s blogs and the internet to help me with this post which I am truly thankful for. I now understand what these two terms mean, however I now need to consider what I must do in order for my project.

Sources